Microphotographic device



y 1951 E. J. WAY 2,550,739

MICROPHOTOGRAPHIC DEVICE Filed Aug. 27, 1948 1 Fig. 2

4 \H John Doe JOHN DOE Y Fig-8 JOHN DOE W W M 6.5

INVENTOR f L we 00 J VI A Y KNOW Patented May 1, 1951 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE (Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757) 1 Claim.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States for governmental purposes Without the payment to me of any royalty thereon in accordance with the provisions of the act of April 30, 1928 (Ch. 460, 45 Stat. L. 467).

This invention relates to photographic copying, and more particularly to a method of and means for copying records whereby additional information is added to appear in the reproduction.

It is frequently necessary to add new information or indicia to records, which records may be in the form of original records or photographic copies thereof. Photographic records are usually negative microphotographic records carried on a strip of film; however, positive prints are occasionally used as working media. Where the records to be altered are voluminous, it is desirable to provide a system for adding the new material as efficiently and with as little handling as is possible.

It is an object of this invention to provide a method for photographically adding new indicia to records.

It is an object of this invention to provide means for photographically adding new indicia to records.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a device for photographing a projected image of the record along with a portion of a tape bearing new indicia to be added to the record.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which- Fig. 1 represents an original record.

Fig. 2 shows a microphotograph of the original record.

Fig. 3 shows a tape bearing new indicia to be added to the original record.

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of a device embodying the principles of this invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of the device shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a detailed front view of the tape advancing device shown schematically in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows a microphotograph of the original record with the new indicia.

Fig. 8 shows the new record containing the original information and the new indicia.

Fig. 1 shows an original record II] which may be a card bearing handwritten information. It will be assumed that it is desired to add additional indicia to the card I0, such as a name in printed characters at the top of the card, to facilitate filing and selection. This method is of greatest advantage when there are many records such as card it to which the new indicia is to be added.

The cards It are first microphotographed on a film strip H, as seen in Fig. 2. Of course, if the record to be altered is already on a microphotographic film strip, then this first step may be omitted. Record 10 now appears as a photoimpression 12 on the strip II. It will be understood that the strip II and representation I2 have been shown to be relatively large with respect to the original record I0 for the purpose of clarity. Actually, the microphotographic representation I2 is usually much smaller than the original record I8. It will be understood that a great number of the original records III may be photographed in succession on the film I I.

The new indicia I5 to be added to the records it is placed on a continuous tape I4, as seen in Fig. 3, preferably by a typewriting machine. Tape M is translucent and preferably is a paper tape. The tape I4 carries a set of new indicia for each of the records I0 on film strip I I, and in the same sequence.

Figs. 4 and 5 show the apparatus by which a composite picture is made of the original record 52 as it appears on film strip H with the new indicia 15 as it appears on the tape I4. A translucent screen I8 is provided which preferably is of glass with a sanded top. A projector 26 has a light source 29, the light from which is collimated by condenser 28, projected through film II and focused by lens 21 on the sanded top of the screen I 8. Film ll runs from storage reel 42 in projector 26 to take-up reel 44. The film I! is advanced in steps by means of a solenoid 41 energized by battery 46 selectively through switch 48.

Adjacent to the image of film II cast by the projector 28 are tape guides I9, between which runs the tape !4. Guides I 9 are transparent and are preferably made of glass. A light-box 2! under the screen I8 and thetape I4 contains light source 22 which illuminates the translucent tape I4. The intensity of light source 22 may be varied by means of rheostat 24. Masks 23 are placed under screen I8, one being directly under each of the guides I9 to restrict the amount of li ht passing through the transparent guides I9. A camera 3% is provided containing film 33, fed from storage reel 35 to take-upreel 36. A lens 22 focuses an image of the screen I8 and tape :4 on film 33. A shutter mechanism (not shown) is also provided, as is well known in the art. Film 33 is advanced by solenoid 21, energized from battery 39 selectively by switch 38.

Paper tape I4 bearing new indicia I5 is fed from storage reel 59, between the guides I9, through tape advance mechanism 5| to take-up reel 53. The tape advancing mechanism 5| is selectively operated by switch 49 from battery 46. Take-up reel 53, which is under a continuous torque applied by continuously rotating motor 55 through friction clutch 54, has a ratchet 56 to prevent the film from being pulled backwards and handle 51 to allow proper positioning-of tape I4.

The tape advancing mechanism shown in detail in Fig. 6 comprises three stationary idler rollers '58 and two movable rollers 59 carried by arm 69 on the top of shaft 6|. Shaft 6|, which is slidably held by guide bracket 52, is preferably of magnetic material and has fixed to its lower end, starting at junction II, a continuation I2 of a non-magnetic material. The lower end of shaft I2 carries the piston of dashpot 55. An electrical coil 52 surrounds the shaft "I2 at a pointadjacent the magnetic shaft 3|. The tape I4 is threaded over the stationary rollers 59 and under the movable rollers 59. Shaft 6| carries an arm 58 which, with screws 69 and III, provides adjustable limits to the extreme upper and lower movement of the rollers 59 59. The amount of film moved by one operation of solencid 52 is thus adjustable.

It will be seen that when solenoid 52 is energized from battery 46 by action of switch 49, that the magnetic shaft 6| will be drawn into solenoid 52 and rollers 59 will be pulled downwardly. When rollers 59 move downwardly, tape I4 cannot withdraw from take-up reel 53 because of the ratchet stop mechanism incorporated therein. Accordingly, on the downward movement of rollers 59 tape I4 is pulled from storage reel 59 and through the guides I9-I9. Tape I 4 on each operation of solenoid 52 is pulled as advanced by an amount which is four times the downward movement of the rollers 59.

When solenoid 52 is deenergized, rollers '59 return upwardly through action of spring 51. The slack amount of tape produced by the upward motion of rollers 59 is taken up by the take-up reel 53, upon which a continuous forward torque is exerted by motor 55 and friction clutch 54. It will be understood that the torque produced on take-up reel 53 by motor 55 and clutch 54 is not sufficient to pull the tape I4 from storage reel 59 between the guides I9 and through take-up mechanism 5|. It will be obvious that a tapegripping mechanism operating to release the tape I4 only upon energization of solenoid 52 may be included if necessary. Such a tape gripping mechanism could be a film grip released by an auxiliary solenoid connected in parallel with solenoid 52.

In the operation of the device shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the microphotographic strip I I is placed in projector 26 on storage reel 42 and threaded into take-up reel 44. The tape I4 bearing the new indicia in the same sequence in which the records have been placed on film II are placed on drum 50 and led through guides I9 through advancing mechanism 5| to take-up reel 53. Unexposed photographic film 33 is placed in camera in storage reel 35 and threaded into take-up reel 33.

One of the records I2 on strip II is projected on screen I8. Tape I4 is then adjusted so there appears between the guides I9 the proper new indicia corresponding with the record I2 being projected on the screen I 8. The rheostat 24 is adjusted to a suitable value. The shutter of camera 39 is then operated to photographically impress on the film 33 a composite picture of the image of original record I2 being projected on screen I9 along with the new indicia I5 carried by the tape I l.

Tape advancing mechanism 5| is then operated by manual operation of switch 49. The sets of new indicia I5 carried by tape I4 are spaced by the amount that mechanism 5| advances the tape I4 at each operation. Thus operation of switch 49 results in the appearance of the next set of new indicia I5 between the guides I9. By operation of switch 48, microphotographic film II is also advanced to project the next record I2 on the screen I3. Switch 38 is also operated to advance film 33 for the next exposure. Preferably the shutter and film advancing mechanism of camera 39 are interconnected so that a single manipulation exposes film 33 and advances it in position to receive the next exposure. It will be understood that film and camera 33 are preferably adapted to take microphotographs. The shutter of camera 39 is again operated to take the next composite picture.

Since the sequence of original records I2 on film strip II corresponds to the sequence of indicia I5 carried by tape I4, it is only necessary to advance tape I4 and film II one step between each exposure. It will be obvious that solenoids 3?, 52 and It? could be connected so as to be operated by the closing of a single switch.

Fig. '7 shows, relatively enlarged, the micro photographic developed film strip 33 which now bears a positive (black on white) representation 53 of original record I9 and a negative representation 54 (black on white) of the new indicia I5. From the film 33 a print 55 is now made, as seen in Fig. 8, which bears a negative 330i the original record III and a positive 51 of the new indicia I5.

It will be seen that this invention provides a method by which a great number of records may be easily altered instead of recopying each of the entire original records III. Only the new indicia I 5 is produced by manual operation. The rest of the method produces with very little manual operation, the new record bearing the new indicia.

In the practice of this invention it is particularly advantageous to cause the size of the characters in the new indicia 64 on the film 33 to be large relative to the size of the characters in the representation 93 of the original information. This allows adjustment of the size of the print 55 so that the index name BI is large relative to the script 56 of the old information, a desirable relation since the index name 6'! is used much more frequently than the script 55. The relatively large size of the new indicia 54 on film 33 is produced conveniently by placing relatively large characters on the tape I4.

Under some conditions it may be preferable to place each set of new indicia within the field of the camera 35 on a separate carrying medium rather than on a single tape. If each'of the sets of new indicia is already on a separate card, it might be advantageous to place each card bearing the new indicia along the edge of screen It as the corresponding record is projected thereon by projector 23. r

The method described above is useful in many types of work and under various circumstances.

Let it be supposed that an index to a volume or a series of volumes has been recorded on a film, it is now desired to index the volume 01' volumes published subsequently and make such index references useable concurrently with the original film index; that is, place them between original items so that the combined lot is in alphabetical sequence. The method substantially as described above can be used to accomplish this result by placing the supplemental items properly on the I tape l4 and preparing a new film 33.

Alternatively, let it be supposed that it is desired to prepare punch cards based on records which have been microphotographed and that the information to be punched i too complex to permit punching directly from the projected image without the intervention of a coding operation. Under these circumstances the images are projected on the ground glass screen successively and at the same time suitable code figures are written on the paper strip. The film images and the code figures may be checked for accuracy by another person prior to their simultaneou recording on the secondary film 33, which will serve subsequently as punchin media.

It will be understood that the method and means described above are exemplary only and that many change and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

In combination, a screen, a strip on which are photographically recorded a plurality of original records in a certain sequence, means for intermittently moving said strip and for successively projecting said records on said screen, a tape marked with a plurality of sets of indicia, each set of indicia pertaining to one of said records, said sets of indicia being placed in a sequence on said tape corresponding to the sequence of said records on said strip, guide means guiding said tape past said screen and in close proximity to the record image projected thereon, means for iilumina ting said tape, means operated by a solenoid for intermittently moving said tape to place different sets of indicia beside said projected image, a source of energizing potential connected to said solenoid through a switch, means for prodLlCing a composite photographic record of said strip and said image.

ELWOOD J. WAY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 813,808 Loryea Feb. 27, 1906 1,270,778 Brixey July 2, 1918 1,801,458 Satterlee Apr. 21, 1931 2,210,090 Lutz Aug. 6, 1940 2,250,442 Abell July 29, 1941 

